The smartphone game app AINAR can help people manage and reduce their extreme fear for needles. AI in the game can predict and prevent vasovagal reactions (VVRs) in individuals, which can lead to fainting for instance. Researchers identified facial temperature changes and subtle expressions as early indicators of these reactions. The game was developed by PhD candidate Judita Rudokaite who will defend her thesis on 29 November.
VVRs, often triggered by the sight of needles, can cause symptoms like nausea, dizziness, or fainting, making medical procedures challenging for some people. Traditional methods to manage these reactions, such as hydration, muscle-tensing techniques, or even sedatives, offer limited effectiveness and often require additional medical supervision. Seeking an innovative solution, Rudokaite explored whether facial thermal and visual cues could predict the onset of VVRs, ultimately creating an accessible, contactless prevention tool.
The research involved a study of a virtual blood donation experience to simulate needle encounters. By monitoring facial temperature, particularly in areas like the nose and chin, Rudokaite was able to detect significant temperature changes that correlated with self-reported VVRs. Building on these insights, she conducted a live study at a national blood bank, capturing both thermal and video data of donors. This allowed for the classification of the previous detected VVR levels.
The app captures facial data through the phone’s camera, analyzing users’ facial expressions and temperature changes to provide continuous feedback on their VVR risk. The game’s background changes-from sunny skies to stormy clouds-indicate the user’s risk level in real time, helping them recognize and control reactions before they escalate.
By combining AI, biofeedback, and gamification, AINAR promises a safe, engaging, and highly accessible method for individuals to overcome needle-induced anxiety and vasovagal reactions.